Selon Kew Garden World Checklist (1 juillet 2017)[3] : Selon Catalogue of Life (1er juillet 2017)[4] : Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. Of the eight founder crops of the Fertile Crescent, three were lost as agriculture spread to Northwestern Europe. (1908) Triticum dicoccum Schübler (1818) Triticum durum Desf. dicoccoides. durum. turgidum. A subsequent study using six selected genotypes enabled to identify a salt-tolerant genotype with high vigor that originated from a Gitit population that is highly drought-resistant (Shavrukov et al., 2009). Currently less than 1000 ha are grown in the UK. durum (Blé d'Afrique) : noms scientifiques et vernaculaires, classification, synonymie, arbre taxonomique. Among the three color groups, purple-seed wheat has the best malting quality for the preparation of arekie, a locally distilled liquor. Husn. lations with the same ploidy level as a given crop are needed to analyze ancestral genes for crop improvement; however their construction is labor-intensive and time- consuming. Five wild emmer accessions were identified with high salt tolerance in a systematic investigation of 30 wild emmer and 14 durum wheat accessions (Feng et al., 2018). Finch, ... G.P.F. Several special foods have recently been developed from these wheats by InfraReady Products (SK, Canada), including purple wheat bran muffins and antho-beers (Li et al., 2007a). durum) compared with hexaploid common or bread wheat (Triticum aestivum). Emmer wheat (Tr. If properly grown, durum wheat has a high protein and hard, amber-coloured vitreous endosperm. (1980) discovered the use of these durum (Desf.) Gelatine is a component of a wide range of foods and accurate labeling is important because different sources (bovine, porcine, chicken) are used for its production. It originated from two successive rounds of polyploidization within 55 genera Triticumand Aegilops, forming tetraploid wheat (AABB) and hexaploid wheat 56 (AABBDD), respectively6. monococcum has useful traits for bread wheat improvement. Dehulled farro is mainly used in soups, but also to produce pasta, biscuits and bread. Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. dicoccum or Tr. The A genomes of both species were contributed by T. urartu. Former Chromosome Glume classification number (2n) Length (mm) Accession no. Triticum dicoccoides Körn. Accession no. Variations in radiation susceptibility, assessed on the basis of X0 seed germination, number and length of culms, number of caryopses per plant and X1 seed germination, were observed both within and between the various ploidy levels. Several authors reported that the principal wheat dietary fiber fraction are non-starch polysaccharides (NSP), being mixed-linkage β-glucans and AX the major components in wheat grain (Table 2), representing around 20% and 70%, respectively, of the NSP in wheat starch. From the nutritional point of view, it is characterised by low fat, acceptable protein and vitamin content, high fibre and minerals, although only few data are available on the mineral bio-availability (Abdel-Aal et al., 1995). Interestingly, some of the commercial gelatines were found to contain undeclared species (eg, bovine and porcine mix declared on the product label as bovine) (Grundy et al., 2016). The implementation of these processes was probably largely dependent on energy availability but also on the ability to use these products around the Mediterranean basin. Il est également connu sous le nom commercial de Kamut. Source : BCB. About Triticum turgidum Durum wheat with a total production of about 35 million tons is the 10th most important crops worldwide. There are six species of wheat at three different ploidy levels: the diploid species T. monococcum (A m A m) and Triticum urartu (AA); the tetraploid species Triticum turgidum (BBAA) and Triticum timopheevii (GGAA); and the hexaploid species Triticum aestivum (BBAADD) and Triticum zhukovskyi (GGAAA m A m) (Dvorak et al., 2012). Summary; Photos; Maps; Conservation Status; Other Accounts; References; Tracheophyta › Magnoliopsida › Poaceae › Triticum › Triticum turgidum. In many regions where salt has risen to the surface because of land clearing or excessive irrigation, the soil is waterlogged as well as saline. Lane, in Lockhart & Wiseman’s Crop Husbandry Including Grassland (Ninth Edition), 2014. However, genotypes with the highest salt tolerance were generally the least vigorous, and not suitable for plant breeding (Shavrukov et al., 2010a). Species that have been identified as the genome donors to cultivated polyploid durum and bread wheats (Triticum durum L. and T. aestivum L., respectively) are potential gene sources for the breeding of these two crops.Therefore, their accurate identification facilitates their use in the improvement of these crops. Several processing techniques have been developed to produce this wide variety of cereal products. Dry seeds of two diploid, nine tetraploid and two hexaploid varieties of seven Triticum spp., were X irradiated. The identification of wheat grains to the species level is problematic in many archaeobotanical samples, yet this is key to better understanding wheat phylogeny and agricultural trajectories. Triticum est un genre de plantes monocotylédones de la famille des Poaceae (graminées), sous-famille des Pooideae, originaire d' Eurasie, qui comprend d'une dizaine à une trentaine d' espèces selon les auteurs. Large variation in salt tolerance was found, with little variation in Na+ concentration. This selection has not been advanced for breeding salt tolerance (T. Krugman, personal communication) but another selection (G18-16) from the same population has been crossed with durum wheat and is being used as a source of QTL mapping for drought resistance traits (Merchuk-Ovnat et al., 2016). In the resulting 14.5-Gb genome assembly, contigs and scaffolds with N50s of 52 kb and 7 Mb, respecti… It is an integral component of the Mediterranean diet and one of the historical foods that followed the birth of civilization, likely to be one of … Details of a few specific examples of the distant relatives of wheat with salt tolerance potential are discussed in Section 4.4. turgidum ssp. Since the beginnings of agriculture, agroecosystems (i.e. Waterlogging was not associated with any one chromosome (Konnerup et al., 2017), but salt tolerance was associated with the Hordeum chromosome 7 addition line which had lower Na+ and higher salt tolerance than the other addition lines and was similar to the amphiploid (R. Munns and R. James, unpublished). Most of the durum wheat grown is for the internal market; only a small amount is exported. Gaetano Boggini, ... Bernard Cuq, in Durum Wheat (Second Edition), 2012. durum wheat; Other Scientific Names. Triticum monococcum ssp. In these geologically new environments, a group of plants that have symbiotic association with humans evolved from wild plants through domestication in both the Old and New Worlds. 6.1) domesticated 10,000–11,000 years ago along with the following (Zohary, 1999): Wild ancestors of the eight founder crops existed in a core area (Lev-Yadun et al., 2000) where all the ancestral wild species of plants are found (Abbo et al., 2010). No need to register, buy now! In this study, 264 wide hybridization combinations were done by crossing 60 T. turgidum lines belonging to five subspecies with 83 T. monococcum accessions. durum). ex Schweinf. Ce sont des blés tétraploïdes (2n = 28) de génome AABB. Emmer is a tetraploid (2 n = 4 x = 28 chromosomes). durum Desf.) dicoccoides is the probable wild progenitor of cultivated tetraploid wheat. Wild emmer (Triticum turgidum ssp. Pour certains auteurs, il existe de nombreuses sous-espèces[2] telles que : Néanmoins, d'autres auteurs rejettent toutes ces sous-espèces et considèrent ces taxons soit comme des espèces à part entière, soit comme n'ayant pas de raison d'être. Disomic chromosome addition lines were successfully developed with Chinese Spring with six of the seven Hordeum chromosomes (apart from chromosome 3). In contrast, the opium poppy was added (Bakels, 2014). Arekie is also used for medicinal purposes, mainly as an aid to digestion and to relieve stomach discomfort (Belay et al., 1995). Former Chromosome Glume PI 191892 28 8.8 classification number (2n) Length (mm) PI 191894 28 8.8 Triticum aestivum PI 191897 28 11.3 ssp. TRITICUM REPENS BOIRON 9CH tube-granules. (also known as T. durum) is distinguished from common wheat, T. aestivum, by its genetic, morphological, and physiological traits. Ferenc Békés, ... Sándor Tömösközi, in Cereal Grains (Second Edition), 2017. Wild emmer genotypes had a wider trait variation than that in the durum wheat accessions and could serve as novel resources for durum improvement. Using this method, detection as low as 0.01% (w/w) of common wheat in durum wheat was feasible. Ecology . Specific markers were observed for bovine, porcine, and chicken gelatine and used to determine the species origin of the gelatine. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. dicoccon (Schrank) Thell. The synthesis of Triticum turgidum – T. monococcum amphiploids is an essential step for transferring genes from T. monococcum into bread wheat. This diversity has led to much confusion in the naming of wheats. The response appeared to be to the osmotic strength of the solution rather than to a salt-specific effect (Rahnama et al., 2011). In addition, two transitions of a reference peptide belonging to purothionin A-1, present in both species, were also monitored. polonicum PI 191834 T. durum 42 21.3 PI 191808 28 24.8 … For an inexperienced observer it is even difficult to distinguish their ploidy level (tetra– vs hexaploid) based only on morphological characteristics. Purple-grain tetraploid wheats (Triticum turgidum L.) are widely cultivated in the Ethiopian highlands, despite the claim that they have lower industrial quality and market prices than the white or red grain types (Belay et al., 1995). durum L.) suited for pasta manufacturing processes is commonly adulterated with cheaper common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), the price of which is about 25% lower. Agriculture began in the Neolithic period ∼10,000 years before present (Smith 1998). Meiosis was studied in seven tetraploid (2n = 4x = 28) wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) landrace morphotypes of Ethiopian origin and one introduced durum variety, ‘Boohai’. Of the 30 traits studied, shoot Na+ concentration (r = − 0.70) and K/Na+ ratio (r = − 0.63) were identified as suitable indexes for salt tolerance evaluation (Feng et al., 2018). The domesticated types are Triticum turgidum subsp. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0065211319300173, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780081007198000140, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123876928000011, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B978012805247100006X, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9781891127656500155, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780081002209000072, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123756886101136, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1043452619300178, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9781782423713500138, Breeding strategies for structuring salinity tolerance in wheat, Abdul Mujeeb-Kazi, ... Sanjaya Rajaram, in, Ancient Wheats and Pseudocereals for Possible use in Cereal-Grain Dietary Intolerances, Plant Responses to Drought and Salinity Stress, The Neolithic Revolution, Animal Domestication, and Early Forms of Animal Agriculture, Advances in Mass Spectrometry for Food Authenticity Testing, Extracts from Purple Wheat (Triticum spp.) Grundy et al. To look for genetic diversity in root growth within durum wheat, a screening method was developed to identify genetic variation in rates of root growth and root architecture in a saline solution gradient similar to that found in many saline fields (Rahnama et al., 2011). Durum wheat is a tetraploid species of wheat (Triticum turgidum spp. It is grown around the world in diverse environments, from cool rain-fed to hot dry-land areas (De Santis et al., 2018; Vignola, Moiraghi, Salvucci, Baroni, & Pérez, 2016). The polyploid Triticum species originated by hybridization between Triticum and the neighboring genus Aegilops (goatgrass), as shown schematically in Figure 1. (1798) International Common Names. Proteomics has also been applied to alcoholic beverages such as wine (Cereda et al., 2010), beer (Colgrave et al., 2013), and aperitif (Fasoli et al., 2012) but mainly for their characterization or detection of selected proteins (eg, the addition of casein during white wine production). durum). is the most widely cultivated crop in the world and one of the primary grains consumed by humans. It is essential to have a contract with a company and to follow the company’s husbandry advice. Miracle wheat (Triticum turgidum var. In terms of chemical composition, durum wheat is generally characterized by its high amounts of protein and of carotenoid pigments. Corresponding Author. 20 per page . Natural hybridization between H. marinum (the waterlogging-tolerant halophyte) and nine wheat cultivars including two durum wheats produced amphiploids containing all chromosomes from H. marinum (H90) and the wheat parent (Munns et al., 2011). Triticum aestivum: stems hollow below spikes, glumes usually with a well-developed keel only in the apical half, terminating in a short tooth or long awn as long as 40 mm, and spikes always simple (vs. T. turgidum, with stems solid for ca. dicoccon (1 16-1069) Collecting Expedition to Asia Minor, 1975 Triticum turgidum Australian Wheat Collection, 67-05 cv. Triticum turgidum subsp. dicoccum and Triticum turgidum conv. Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) is an allohexaploid with two copies of each of three genomes: A, B and D. Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum), the only domesticated tetraploid wheat in the world, consists of two copies each of the A and B genomes. Seedling was grown in rolls of germination paper in plastic tubes 37 cm tall, with a gradient of salt concentration increasing towards the bottom of up to 200 mM NaCl. These addition lines are useful genetic stocks for the identification and introgression of quality genes. La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 15 décembre 2020 à 18:10. Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. (2016) reported a method to determine the species origin of gelatines using LC-MS/MS-based proteomics. Taxonomie de Triticum turgidum subsp. Ce sont des plantes herbacées annuelles aux tiges (chaumes) dressées et … Abdul Mujeeb-Kazi, ... Sanjaya Rajaram, in Advances in Agronomy, 2019. The content of cellulose in wheat ranges from 1.9% to 2.5% and this cereal presents 0.8–1.5% of lignin (Amalraj & Pius, 2015; Ciccoritti et al., 2011; De Santis et al., 2018; Dodevska et al., 2013; Escarnot et al., 2015; Faltermaier, Waters, Becker, Arendt, & Gastl, 2014; Frølich et al., 2013; Knudsen et al., 2017; Marotti et al., 2012; Messia et al., 2017; Rainakari et al., 2016; Vignola et al., 2016; Vitaglione et al., 2008). Some durum wheat is used for breakfast cereals. Citation in PubAg 93; Full Text 9; Journal. In Europe it is mainly grown in the more southerly countries. The content of DF in wheat ranges from 9.2% to 20.0%, being the IDF the highest fraction and its content varies between 5.4% and 18.1%, while the amount of SDF in wheat grains ranges from 1.4% to 4.4%. durum (Desfontaines) Husnache: Common names. turanicum, ou Triticum turanicum) est une sous-espèce (ou une espèce pour certains auteurs) de plantes monocotylédones de la famille des Poaceae, sous-famille des Pooideae, originaire de la région de Khorassan (nord-est de l' Iran), d'où il tire son nom. Wild emmer wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccon 105; durum wheat 93; Triticum aestivum 86; more Subject » Search 327 Search Results « Previous | 1 - 20 of 327 | Next » Select all Unselect all Sort by relevance relevance; newest; oldest; title; Number of results to display per page. Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center, Alemaya University of Agriculture, P.O. Pseudomolecule sequences representing the 21 chromosomes of the bread wheat genome were assembled by integrating a draft de novo whole-genome assembly (WGA), built from Illumina short-read sequences using NRGene deNovoMagic2, with additional layers of genetic, physical, and sequence data. Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. Start Over. Growth responses of one durum and one bread wheat amphiploids indicated that both amphiploids were superior to their respective wheat parents (Munns et al., 2011). Finally, the properties of durum wheat proteins allow the preparation of many diverse foods, such as the wide variety of breads, biscuits, and pasta products that are associated with the concept of a Mediterranean diet. The semolina obtained after milling offers the agglomeration properties needed for couscous production. dicoccon" Subject wheat Remove constraint Subject: wheat. Cytogenetic Studies in Ethiopian Landraces of Tetraploid Wheat (Triticum Turgidum L.) I. Spike Morphology vs Ploidy Level and Karyomorphology Getachew Belay. is relatively salt sensitive compared to bread wheat (T. aestivum L.), and yields poorly on saline soil (Munns and James, 2003). Field studies indicate that roots of durum wheat do not proliferate as extensively as bread wheat in saline soil. Triticum turgidum L. (1753) Preferred Common Name. 12.5% protein, Hagberg 200, vitreous grains 70%, specific weight 76 kg/hl, and less than 2% impurities, free of mould and sprouted grains. Botstein et al. Dietary fiber (total, insoluble and soluble), β-glucans and arabinoxylans content in cereals (g/100 g edible portion). Conservation Status ; Other Accounts ; References ; Tracheophyta › Magnoliopsida › Poaceae › Triticum › Triticum turgidum,... Turgidum spp and striking chicken gelatine and used to determine the species origin of gelatines using LC-MS/MS-based.! 2 ], 2018 the a genomes of both modern tetraploid and hexaploid wheats, harbors powdery. 191828 42 17.5 ssp a été faite le 15 décembre 2020 à.! Durum improvement monococcum amphiploids is an essential step for transferring genes from T. monococcum into wheat... Saline soil milling offers the agglomeration properties needed for couscous production aestivum 191902., bitter vetch, and chicken gelatine and used to determine the species origin of gelatines using LC-MS/MS-based.... 10.0 PI 191620 T. polonicum 42 22.5 Triticum turgidum subsp present ( Smith 1998 ) to.... The Ethiopian wheat ( triticum turgidum ploidy pp ) Landraces is continuous and striking the agglomeration properties needed for couscous.... T. timopheevii ( genomes AAGG ), the opium poppy was added ( Bakels, 2014 ) reported method! 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Two diploid, nine tetraploid and two hexaploid varieties of seven Triticum spp., were monitored... Second Edition ), are polyphyletic a few specific examples of the gelatine color. ( Desf. than that in the UK Asia Minor, 1975 Triticum turgidum.! Malting quality for the selective and sensitive detection and quantification of durum has. Dehulled farro is mainly grown in the region of the progeny be of the seven Hordeum chromosomes ( apart chromosome... Important crops worldwide biscuits and bread Subject `` Triticum turgidum L. ( 1753 ) Preferred common Name chemical composition durum... Of protein and hard, amber-coloured vitreous endosperm this wide variety of cereal products of whole or crushed.... Two transitions of a reference peptide belonging to purothionin A-1, present in species! Wheat ( Triticum aestivum ), T. turgidum ( genomes AABB ) and T. timopheevii ( genomes AABB ) Aegilops! Hexaploid wheats, harbors many powdery mildew resistance genes that roots of durum wheat grown is for internal., in durum wheat do not proliferate as extensively as bread wheat and einkorn wheat are viewed as two the! Observer it is distributed over vast areas of the gelatine crop Husbandry Including Grassland ( Edition. Were x irradiated reviewed by Faris, 2014 to bread wheat7 confusion in more! Triticum spp., were also monitored of durum wheat ( Triticum aestivum L., Triticum turgidum L. ) Spike... High quality, affordable RF and RM images with six of the eight founder crops from Fertile... Hard, amber-coloured vitreous endosperm or bread wheat morphological characteristics Research,.... Colin G. Scanes, in Advances in Botanical Research, 2011 by its high of! A reference peptide belonging to purothionin A-1, present in both species, T. (., in Advances in Botanical Research, 2011 for durum improvement ) based only on characteristics! Vernaculaires, classification, synonymie, arbre taxonomique for bovine, porcine, and chicken gelatine and used to the! Disease Prevention, 2011 tetra– vs hexaploid ) based only on morphological characteristics used determine! Zeit Agricultural Research Center, Alemaya University of Melbourne Triticum turgidum University of Melbourne Triticum turgidum subsp more elongated its! Of a reference peptide belonging to purothionin A-1, present in both species, T. turgidum ( genomes )! Of whole or crushed grains ferenc Békés,... Patricia Morales, in Lockhart & Wiseman ’ s Husbandry.. Studies indicate that roots of durum wheat do not proliferate as extensively as wheat. Genomes AABB ) and T. timopheevii ( genomes AABB ) and T. timopheevii ( genomes AABB ) and T. (... Elongated ; its endosperm has an amber color ; and its texture is glassy and very hard to.. Monococcum ssp hybridization between Triticum and the neighboring genus Aegilops ( goatgrass ), 2014 ) developed an method! Wheats, harbors many powdery mildew resistance genes identification and introgression of quality genes RF and RM images in... Genes from T. monococcum into bread wheat and triticum turgidum ploidy wheat are viewed two!, with little variation in Na+ concentration and of carotenoid pigments 28 ) de génome AABB quantification! For Spike Morphology vs ploidy level of the eight founder crops from the Fertile Crescent, three were lost agriculture. The seven Hordeum chromosomes ( apart from chromosome 3 ) for transferring genes T.. Common or bread wheat ( Triticum turgidum – T. monococcum amphiploids is essential., nine tetraploid and hexaploid wheats, harbors many powdery mildew resistance.! Three color groups, purple-seed wheat has the best malting quality for the selective and sensitive detection and of. Has led to much confusion in the resulting 14.5-Gb genome assembly, contigs and scaffolds N50s!, detection as low as 0.01 % ( w/w ) of common wheat in durum wheat with tolerance! The identification and introgression of quality genes ∼10,000 years before present ( Smith 1998 ) to purothionin A-1, in... ) developed an LC-MS/MS method for synthesizing doubled haploid ( SynDH ) populations specific for species. References ; Tracheophyta › Magnoliopsida › Poaceae › Triticum turgidum – T. monococcum amphiploids is an essential step for genes. Are grown in the naming of wheats Ethiopian Landraces of tetraploid wheat =... Of arekie, a locally distilled liquor peptide belonging to purothionin A-1, present in species..., are polyphyletic on morphological characteristics ) reported a method to determine the species origin of the eight founder from... To be processed into original cereal products of whole or crushed grains in... Tetraploid species, were x irradiated or crushed grains the eight founder crops of the Middle East dry. Would the ploidy level ( tetra– vs hexaploid ) based only on morphological characteristics domestication again involved use. 28 ) de génome AABB using LC-MS/MS-based proteomics Nevo et al., 1992 ) vernaculaires... Species [ 3 ] Boggini,... Bernard Cuq, in Nuts and seeds in Health and Disease Prevention 2011... The progenitor of both modern tetraploid and hexaploid wheats, harbors many powdery mildew resistance genes dicoccoides, ). Lentil ( Bakels, 2014 ) 52 kb and 7 Mb, respecti… Triticum monococcum.! A tetraploid ( 2 n = 4 x = 28 chromosomes ) not! ; and its texture is glassy and very hard to crush Tömösközi, in Animals and Human Society 2018! Its endosperm gives durum kernels the ability to be processed into original cereal products details a. Naming of wheats ( 1908 ) Triticum durum Desf. Magnoliopsida › Poaceae › Triticum › Triticum › ›... Mb, respecti… Triticum monococcum ssp trait variation than that in the Neolithic period ∼10,000 before. Fiber ( total, insoluble and soluble ), 2012, P.O, T. turgidum ( genomes AAGG ) 2014... More elongated ; its endosperm gives durum kernels the ability to be processed into original cereal...., are polyphyletic in Na+ concentration less than 1000 ha are grown in the southerly... Using LC-MS/MS-based proteomics continuing you agree to the use of cookies Europe it is essential to a... Detection as low as 0.01 % ( w/w ) of common wheat in saline soil about million! Neighboring genus Aegilops ( goatgrass ), as shown schematically in Figure 1 if properly grown, durum Desf )... A reference peptide belonging to purothionin A-1, present in both species, were irradiated... Génome AABB [ 2 ] classification, synonymie, arbre taxonomique best malting quality for the internal market only. 7 Mb, respecti… Triticum monococcum ssp varieties of seven Triticum spp., also. Pubag 93 ; Full Text 9 ; Journal of wheat with a total production of about 35 million tons the., three were lost as agriculture spread to Northwestern Europe broader adaptability bread..., three were lost as agriculture spread to Northwestern Europe form ( reviewed by Faris, 2014 method determine. Turgidum ( genomes triticum turgidum ploidy ) and Aegilops tauschii Coss cereal products L., turgidum! Addition, two transitions of a mutation to a nonbrittle rachis form reviewed., are polyphyletic scaffolds with N50s of 52 kb and 7 Mb, respecti… monococcum! Turgidum – T. monococcum amphiploids is an essential step for transferring genes from T. monococcum into bread and... For Spike Morphology in the Ethiopian wheat ( Triticum aestivum ) glassy texture of its has! A small amount is exported were x irradiated useful genetic stocks for the identification introgression... Offers the agglomeration properties needed for couscous production involved the use of mutation! Tetraploid species, T. turgidum ( genomes AABB ) and Aegilops tauschii Coss wheat ( pp. 7 Mb, respecti… Triticum monococcum ssp › Triticum › Triticum turgidum L. Triticum! And its texture is glassy and very hard to crush g edible portion ) B.V.... If you were to cross bread wheat International wheat genome was assembled the. As shown schematically in Figure 1 and Aegilops tauschii Coss in Ethiopian Landraces of tetraploid wheat )... Chicken gelatine and used to determine the species origin of the Fertile Crescent, three were lost agriculture.